Graduated US Merchant Marine Academy, 1968. Sailed for Hudson Waterways as 3rd Mate through Master 1968-1973. Pilot on Houston Ship Channel 1973-2009.Attended several "Manned-Model Ship Handling courses. Attended courses at Maritime Institute for Graduate Studies for Bridge Resource Management and Ship Casualty Cases and Near Misses. Consultant to the U.S.Corps of Engineers with several of their Port Projects. Consultant to Marine Safety Institute at Newport, Rhode Island, in establishing Ship Handling Simulator and Bridge Team Management. Testified as expert witness involving maritime collisions and personal injury cases.